We studied the formation of the phenotype of non-specific immunological memory (trained immunity) in human monocyte-like THP-1 and U-937 cell lines. The absence of the lag phase after primary contact with the pathogen (Mycobacterium bovis, BCG vaccine) does not contribute to the formation of the trained immunity phenotype in the cells. The presence of the lag phase promotes the development of the trained immunity phenotype, especially in THP-1 cells. The second stimulation (bacterial LPS) did not increase the production of lactate, nitric oxide, and glucose consumption by cells, which can be a consequence of the Warburg phenomenon in these monocyte-like human cell lines.
Overall 43 outpatients with arterial ischemia of the lower limbs were treated by emakor, a new Soviet drug that exerts a concomitant alpha- and beta-blocking action. The treatment resulted in a remarkable positive effect which manifested itself in amelioration of circulation in the lower limbs, positive time-course of changes in peripheral hemodynamics and in computer-aided tomography data. The use of emakor is contraindicated in exacerbation of gastrointestinal diseases, chronic pulmonary diseases associated with the obstructive syndrome, and marked signs of venous outflow obstruction in the lower limbs.
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Ambulatory Care , Ischemia/drug therapy , Leg/blood supply , Aged , Arteriosclerosis Obliterans/drug therapy , Contraindications , Drug Evaluation , Drug Tolerance , Endarteritis/drug therapy , Female , Humans , Intermittent Claudication/drug therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Organic Chemicals , Regional Blood Flow/drug effects , Tablets
Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy , Disopyramide/administration & dosage , Aged , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology , Capsules , Clinical Trials as Topic , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Hemodynamics/drug effects , Hemodynamics/physiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
Temporary disability was analysed for 186 patients with acute pneumonia (AP) treated in outpatient clinics. On demand, the patients were referred to hospitals. The disability duration was assessed in relation to the patients' age, associated diseases, smoking, time to diagnosis and hospitalization. It is shown that late diagnosis and hospitalization as well as misdiagnosis which is not uncommon lead to a prolonged period of temporary disability. Questions of the follow-up policy in acute pneumonia are covered.
Disability Evaluation , Outpatient Clinics, Hospital/trends , Pneumonia/therapy , Acute Disease , Adult , Age Factors , Diagnostic Errors , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pneumonia/complications , Pneumonia/diagnosis , Smoking/adverse effects
